Wildlife is part of the “forests” and was a matter of state until Parliament passed this law in 1972. Now it`s the simultaneous list. The reasons for a national law in the field of environment, especially wildlife, include: The main sources of law in India are the Constitution, laws (statutes), common law and jurisprudence. India is a federal union divided into 28 states and 8 union territories. The respective states are administered by their own national governments, while the Union Territories are federal territories administered directly by the central government of India. The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative body of the country, while the Indian states have their respective legislators. Laws are promulgated by the parliament for the whole country, by the state legislators for the respective states, and by the legislators of the territory of the Union for the respective territories of the Union. Central laws enacted by Parliament can only be reviewed and controlled by the Constitution of India. State laws may be overturned. 4. Community reserves: The provincial government may declare any private or municipal land a community reserve after consultation with the local community or a person who has volunteered to conserve wildlife. The Indian Parliament passed the Wildlife Protection Act in 1972, which provides for the protection of wildlife in the country. This is important legislation that is an integral part of the environmental and ecological sections of the UPSC program.
1. Protected areas: “The sanctuary is a sanctuary where injured, abandoned and abused wild animals are allowed to live in peace in their natural environment without human intervention.” History of wildlife legislation in India In order to improve the collection of information in cases of wildlife crime, the existing provision on whistleblower rewards has been increased from 20% of the fine or composition to 50% each. In addition, a reward of up to Rs 10,000 is offered, which will also be given to informants and others who provide assistance in reporting crimes and arresting the offender. In addition to these primary laws, there are also a variety of subordinate laws such as rules, regulations and ordinances promulgated by central/state governments and local authorities such as municipal bodies and gram panchayats (local village bodies). Given the separation of powers in India between the legislative, executive and judicial branches, the three branches have different functions. Although the primary responsibility for drafting laws rests with the legislature, the responsibility is sometimes delegated to the executive branch to draft laws known as delegated legislation. The government enacted the Wildlife Protection Act in 1972, which established a comprehensive set of rules for wildlife protection in India. It established the rules for the establishment of national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, etc.
Project Tiger is being implemented, which has led to an increase in the decline in the tiger population. The country saw a 30% increase in tiger population from 2010 to 2014. Naturalist Peter Smetacek, a member of the Kerala State Board for Wildlife (SBWL), has criticised the law and its wide-ranging hunting restrictions as repressive against rural people and scientists, and as ineffective in achieving its conservation goals (for example, by creating counterproductive incentives and incentivising farmers to set forests on fire to reduce population growth of disruptive wildlife such as wild boar). limit). [6] [7] [8] [9] Smetacek further characterized the act as part of the political movement against the ancient Indian nobility (whose traditional pastimes included hunting for thousands of years), the romanticized view of nature by then Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, and India`s extensive licensing and regulatory system in the 1970s, known as Raj License. [6] Some of the biggest threats to wildlife are: Habitat destruction/degradation/fragmentation Overexploitation of habitat resources Hunting Poaching Climate Change Pollution The State strives to protect and enhance the environment and protect the country`s forests and wildlife. Article 245 of the Constitution of India provides that, subject to the Constitution, the Parliament of India may enact laws in respect of all or part of the territory of India. The territory of India includes states, union territories and other territories such as enclaves in India. Section 48A of the Constitution of India directs the State to protect and enhance the environment and to protect wildlife and forests. This section was incorporated into the Constitution in 1976 by the 42nd Amendment.
India follows the common law system based on the recorded precedents of the British colony. It therefore relies heavily on case law and case law to develop law and jurisprudence. Judicial decisions of higher courts such as the Supreme Court of India and the Supreme Courts of various states carry considerable legal weight and are binding on lower courts.
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